VAT Calculator

Add VAT to a price, or work out how much of a price is already VAT — at the standard, reduced, or zero rate.

Your amount

Your amount is the price before VAT; we'll add VAT on top.

£
%

Most goods and services use the standard rate: the reduced rate applies to things like domestic energy, the zero rate to most food, books and children's clothing.

Gross amount (incl. VAT)
£0

At 20% VAT

Net amount (excl. VAT) £0
VAT £0
Gross amount (incl. VAT) £0

The UK's three VAT rates

  • Standard rate: 20%. Applies to most goods and services by default, unless something specifically qualifies for a lower rate.
  • Reduced rate: 5%. Applies to a specific list of things, including domestic gas and electricity, and certain energy-saving materials installed in homes.
  • Zero rate — 0%. Applies to most food, children's clothing, books and newspapers, and public transport. Zero-rated is different from VAT-exempt: zero-rated items are still technically within the VAT system, just taxed at nothing.

How this is worked out

Adding VAT multiplies your net amount by the rate and adds it on top. Removing VAT divides your gross amount by 1.20 to find the net figure, then the difference is the VAT; it isn't as simple as just taking 20% off the gross total, since that would overstate the VAT.

This calculator gives a general estimate based on the rate you select; it isn't advice on which VAT rate applies to a specific product or service, which can depend on detailed HMRC rules and exceptions. For guidance specific to your business or purchase, an accountant or HMRC's own guidance can help.